Are Behavior Rating Scales Able to Identify Behavioral Changes in Preschool Children Undergoing a Dental Intervention? A Systematic Review

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the scientific evidence concerning the behavior rating scales efficiency to identify behavioral changes in preschool children undergoing dental treatment, through a systematic review. Material and Methods: MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, BVS databases and grey literature were searched. Also, a hand search of the included studies reference lists was conducted. Studies that evaluated healthy preschoolers' behavior before and after invasive dental treatments to observe behavioral changes were included. Two independent reviewers selected studies, extracted data and analyzed the risk of bias with a tool for before-and-after studies. The certainty of the evidence was evaluated with the GRADE approach. Results: Three studies were included. The Frankl Scale and North Carolina Behavior Scale were used in these studies. Both scales were able to identify behavioral changes in preschool children undergoing a dental intervention, although two of these included studies were considered fair with a high risk of bias, and one considered good with a low risk of bias. Conclusion: Although Frankl and North Carolina behavior scales were able to identify changes in the children`s behavior during dental treatment, these findings are not supported by strong evidence. Thus, further well-designed studies are needed to confirm this evidence.

Adherence to guidelines for surgical antibiotic prophylaxis: a review

ABSTRACTCONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES: The appropriate use of antibiotic prophylaxis in the perioperative period may reduce the rate of infection in the surgical site. The purpose of this review was to evaluate adherence to guidelines for surgical antibiotic prophylaxis.METHODS:The present systematic review was performed according to the Cochrane Collaboration methodology. The databases selected for this review were: Medline (via PubMed), Scopus and Portal (BVS) with selection of articles published in the 2004-2014 period from the Lilacs and Cochrane databases.RESULTS:The search recovered 859 articles at the databases, with a total of 18 studies selected for synthesis. The outcomes of interest analyzed in the articles were as follows: appropriate indication of antibiotic prophylaxis (ranging from 70.3% to 95%), inappropriate indication (ranging from 2.3% to 100%), administration of antibiotic at the correct time (ranging from 12.73% to 100%), correct antibiotic choice (ranging from 22% to 95%), adequate discontinuation of antibiotic (ranging from 5.8% to 91.4%), and adequate antibiotic prophylaxis (ranging from 0.3% to 84.5%).CONCLUSIONS:Significant variations were observed in all the outcomes assessed, and all the studies indicated a need for greater adherence to guidelines for surgical antibiotic prophylaxis.

Interproximal wear versus incisors extraction to solve anterior lower crowding: A systematic review

OBJECTIVE: To determine by means of a systematic review the best treatment, whether interproximal wear or incisor extraction, to correct anterior lower crowding in Class I patients in permanent dentition. METHODS: A literature review was conducted using MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science to retrieve studies published between January 1950 and October 2013. In selecting the sample, the following inclusion criteria were applied: studies involving interproximal wear and/or extraction of mandibular incisors, as well as Class I cases with anterior lower crowding in permanent dentition. RESULTS: Out of a total of 943 articles found after excluding duplicates, 925 were excluded after abstract analysis. After full articles were read, 13 were excluded by the eligibility criteria and one due to methodological quality; therefore, only fours articles remained: two retrospective and two randomized prospective studies. Data were collected, analyzed and organized in tables. CONCLUSION: Both interproximal wear and mandibular incisor extraction are effective in treating Class I malocclusion in permanent dentition with moderate anterior lower crowding and pleasant facial profile. There is scant evidence to determine the best treatment option for each case. Clinical decision should be made on an individual basis by taking into account dental characteristics, crowding, dental and oral health, patient's expectations and the use of set-up models. .

OBJETIVO: determinar, por meio de uma revisão sistemática, o melhor tratamento entre desgastes interproximais e extração de incisivos para a correção de apinhamento anteroinferior em pacientes Classe I com dentição permanente. MÉTODOS: foram feitas buscas nas bases de dados eletrônicas MEDLINE, Scopus e Web of Science por artigos publicados de janeiro de 1950 até outubro de 2013. Os critérios de inclusão foram estudos que abordassem tratamentos com desgastes interproximais e/ou extração de incisivos inferiores, de casos Classe I com apinhamento anteroinferior na dentição permanente. RESULTADOS: dos 943 artigos encontrados após a remoção dos duplicados, 925 foram excluídos após a leitura dos resumos. Após leitura dos artigos completos, 13 foram excluídos pelos critérios de eligibilidade e um pela qualidade metodológica, restando quatro artigos, sendo dois retrospectivos e dois prospectivos randomizados. Os dados foram coletados, analisados e organizados em tabelas. CONCLUSÕES: tanto o desgaste interproximal quanto a extração de incisivo inferior são tratamentos eficazes em Classe I na dentição permanente, com apinhamento anteroinferior moderado e perfil facial agradável. Há fracas evidências para determinar a escolha do melhor tratamento para cada caso. A decisão clínica deve ser tomada em bases individuais, considerando as características anatômicas dentárias, da severidade do apinhamento, condições de saúde dentária e bucal, expectativas dos pacientes e ensaio em modelos (set-up). .